Anabolic steroids are a class of drugs used most commonly used by bodybuilders and other athletes to improve physical appearance and enhance performance. They are taken orally or injected. Combined with exercise and a high protein diet, anabolic steroids tend to increase the size and strength of muscles, endurance, and decrease recovery time between workouts. Some anabolic steroids have been approved for medical and veterinary use, primarily to replace low levels of testosterone.
Anabolic steroids have a number of side effects, including severe acne, high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol levels. In males, anabolic steroids also cause premature balding, reduced sexual function, testicular atrophy, and breast development. In females, anabolic steroids tend to produce more body hair, deeper voice, smaller breasts and fewer menstrual cycles. In adolescents, bone lengthening may stop prematurely, resulting in stunted growth. In addition, large doses of multiple anabolic steroids may damage the cardiovascular system, liver, or reproductive organs.
Adapted from: Publishers Group (Spring, 2002). Street Drugs: Drug Identification Guide. Plymouth, MN: Author.
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